{"id":568,"date":"2009-12-09T09:41:54","date_gmt":"2009-12-09T01:41:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/synergytek.com.tw\/blog\/?p=568"},"modified":"2011-08-28T15:58:39","modified_gmt":"2011-08-28T07:58:39","slug":"%e5%b0%88%e5%88%a9%e5%9c%a8%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%e6%80%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/synergytek.com.tw\/blog\/2009\/12\/09\/%e5%b0%88%e5%88%a9%e5%9c%a8%e7%b6%93%e6%bf%9f%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84%e9%87%8d%e8%a6%81%e6%80%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5c08\u5229\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
<\/span><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\u6b50\u6d32\u5c08\u5bb6\u6307\u51fa\u4eca\u5929\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u6f38\u6f38\u8d77\u98db\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u904b\u7528\u53ca\u667a\u6167\u8ca1\u7522\u6b0a\u626e\u6f14\u8457\u95dc\u9375\u6027\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5728<\/span>1992<\/span><\/span>\u5e74\u81f3<\/span>2002<\/span><\/span>\u5e74\u9019\u5341\u5e74\u7576\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u53ca\u7f8e\u570b\u5c08\u5229\u7533\u8acb\u6578\u91cf\u6210\u9577\u8d85\u904e<\/span>40%<\/span><\/span>\u3002\u6b50\u6d32\u5c08\u5229\u5c40\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u6587\u4ef6\u6578\u91cf\u5f9e<\/span>1997<\/span><\/span>\u5e74\u7684<\/span>100,000<\/span><\/span>\u4ef6\u7533\u8acb\u6848\uff0c\u5230<\/span>2005<\/span><\/span>\u5e74\u7684<\/span>193,000<\/span><\/span>\u4ef6\u7533\u8acb\u6848\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u53cd\u61c9\u6b64\u8da8\u52e2\u3002\u5c08\u5229\u80fd\u4fc3\u9032\u5275\u65b0\u53ca\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u4e26\u9632\u6b62\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u5176\u5275\u65b0\u53ca\u7d93\u6fdf\u4e0a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u662f\u932f\u7d9c\u8907\u96dc\u7684\uff0c\u6545\u4e00\u500b\u5354\u8abf\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u6a5f\u5236\u662f\u6975\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u78ba\u4fdd\u4f01\u696d\u6700\u5927\u5229\u76ca\u53ca\u5176\u7d93\u6fdf\u7bc4\u7587\u3002\u767c\u660e\u8005\u3001\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u696d\u3001\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u7686\u9ad4\u8a8d\u5230\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u5c0d\u5176\u7d93\u6fdf\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u53ca\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5206\u8ff0\u4e4b\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u65bc\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u6587\u4ef6\u6108\u591a\u8868\u793a\u8a72\u570b\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6108\u9ad8\u3002\u5c08\u5229\u6587\u4ef6\u6108\u591a\u4f7f\u8a72\u570b\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u5176\u9858\u610f\u6295\u6ce8\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\u65bc\u7814\u767c\u90e8\u9580\uff0c\u5728\u5c08\u5229\u6709\u660e\u986f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u9032\u5165\u9580\u6abb\u6642\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u60c5\u6cc1\u6703\u4e00\u76f4\u5faa\u74b0\u3002\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u5438\u6536\u5c08\u5229\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u9019\u4e9b\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u5c08\u5229\u7533\u8acb\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6539\u8f49\u5f80\u4fdd\u8b77\u5c0f\u90e8\u4efd\u6539\u9032\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u3002\u7d93\u6fdf\u5408\u4f5c\u66a8\u767c\u5c55\u7d44\u7e54<\/span>(OECD)<\/span><\/span>\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u4f48\u5c40\u5c0e\u81f4\u7533\u8acb\u6848\u904e\u591a\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u5c40\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u8a31\u591a\u300c\u5b58\u8ca8\u300d\uff0c\u7279\u5225\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u534a\u5c0e\u9ad4\u7522\u696d\u53ca\u6b50\u6d32\u624b\u6a5f\u7522\u696d\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e0d\u540c\u7d93\u6fdf\u626e\u6f14\u8005\u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

1. <\/span><\/span>\u5c0d\u65bc\u500b\u9ad4\u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u5c0d\u55ae\u7368\u7684\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u6216\u7533\u8acb\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7533\u8acb\u4e00\u4ef6\u5c08\u5229\u7684\u6210\u672c\u662f\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u55ae\u4e00\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u901a\u5e38\u85c9\u7531\u53d6\u5f97\u516c\u5171\u6216\u4f01\u696d\u8d0a\u52a9\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5c07\u5176\u767c\u660e\u6388\u6b0a\u6216\u51fa\u552e\u4e88\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u4ee5\u7372\u53d6\u8cc7\u91d1\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u5728\u4f01\u696d\u4e2d\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4ef6\u5c08\u5229\u5e38\u4ee3\u8868\u5176\u5728\u6280\u8853\u4e0a\u53ca\u4f01\u696d\u754c\u4e2d\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u767c\u8868\u5c08\u5229\u7684\u500b\u9ad4\uff0c\u5176\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u6703\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u4e5f\u6703\u4f34\u96a8\u800c\u4f86\u3002\u5728\u5fb7\u570b\uff0c\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u82e5\u88ab\u4f01\u696d\u96c7\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4eab\u6709\u516c\u5e73\u6d25\u8cbc\u6a5f\u5236\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4fdd\u8b77\u5c4f\u969c\u3002\u82e5\u4f01\u696d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5c07\u54e1\u5de5\u7684\u767c\u660e\u5546\u54c1\u5316\uff0c\u8a72\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8981\u6c42\u4f01\u696d\u4e5f\u8981\u7d66\u4e88\u54e1\u5de5\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u5831\u916c\uff1b\u82e5\u4f01\u696d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u5247\u767c\u660e\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u63e1\u6709\u9019\u9805\u6b0a\u5229\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. <\/span><\/span>\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u5c08\u5229\u6216\u5c08\u5229\u5bb6\u65cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u70ba\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u5275\u696d\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u3002\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u53ef\u5438\u5f15\u6295\u6a5f\u8cc7\u91d1\u6339\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u5728\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u524d\u7dad\u8b77\u5176\u6b0a\u5229\u3002<\/span>OECD<\/span><\/span>\u8cc7\u6df1\u7d93\u6fdf\u5c08\u5bb6<\/span>Dominic Guellec<\/span><\/span>\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u60f3\u7368\u7acb\u4e26\u907f\u514d\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u541e\u566c\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c08\u5229\u4fdd\u8b77\u5e02\u5834\u4f54\u6709\u7387\u7684\u8ab2\u984c\u662f\u6975\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u82e5\u4e00\u500b\u516c\u53f8\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8b77\u5176\u64c1\u6709\u7684\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u5176\u6703\u6295\u5165\u8f03\u5c11\u7684\u8cc7\u91d1\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u65bc\u5c08\u5229\u4fdd\u8b77\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u6709\u6642\u9593\u7cbe\u9032\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u3002\u4e00\u500b\u597d\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u6216\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4e2d\u5c0f\u4f01\u696d\u8f49\u8b8a\u6210\u70ba\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3. <\/span><\/span>\u5c0d\u65bc\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u6642\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u50f9\u503c\u53ef\u85c9\u7531\u6301\u6709\u9ad8\u54c1\u8cea\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u6578\u91cf\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\u4e4b\u3002\u4f01\u696d\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u7d44\u5408\u8f03\u5f37\u5927\uff0c\u5247\u80a1\u7968\u5e02\u5834\u4e0a\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u6108\u9ad8\uff0c\u7af6\u722d\u8005\u5fc5\u9700\u652f\u4ed8\u8f03\u9ad8\u7684\u50f9\u683c\u6536\u8cfc\u3002\u6839\u64da<\/span>OECD<\/span><\/span>\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u5229\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u6280\u8853\u6388\u6b0a\u5275\u9020\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6536\u76ca\uff0c\u5982\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5e74<\/span>IBM<\/span><\/span>\u4ee5\u975e\u7368\u5bb6\u6280\u8853\u6388\u6b0a\uff0c\u7372\u53d6\u9ad8\u65bc<\/span>15<\/span><\/span>\u5104\u7f8e\u91d1\u7684\u5229\u6f64\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

4. <\/span><\/span>\u5c0d\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u6108\u4f86\u6108\u591a\u653f\u5e9c\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u53ca\u5b78\u8853\u55ae\u4f4d\u958b\u59cb\u53d6\u5f97\u4ed6\u5011\u767c\u660e\u7684\u5c08\u5229\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u6280\u8853\u79fb\u8f49\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u5e7e\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u6b50\u6d32\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u7533\u8acb\u5c08\u5229\u7684\u8da8\u52e2<\/span>(<\/span><\/span>\u5728<\/span>80<\/span><\/span>\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u671f\u5728\u7f8e\u570b\u5b78\u8853\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e2d\u5e38\u898b<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\u90fd\u5728\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7e8c\u9032\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u53bb\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5c08\u5229\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u5c08\u5229\u6388\u6b0a\uff0c\u5176\u4ecd\u6709\u8cc7\u683c\u9032\u5165\u516c\u5171\u9818\u57df\u3002\u6b64\u70ba\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u5e36\u4f86\u8cc7\u91d1\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u4e26\u958b\u555f\u4e00\u500b\u5d84\u65b0\u5275\u65b0\u4e4b\u8def\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

EPO<\/span><\/span>\u7684\u6311\u6230<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u5c08\u5229\u53ef\u80fd\u963b\u7919\u5275\u65b0\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\u4fdd\u8b77\u5275\u65b0\u4e5f\u5275\u9020\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u7368\u5360\u6027\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u8208\u6280\u8853\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u6280\u8853\u77e5\u8b58\u53ca\u767c\u660e\u88ab\u904e\u5ea6\u4fdd\u8b77\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u6703\u963b\u7919\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c<\/span>EPO<\/span><\/span>\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u6e1b\u4f4e\u9019\u7a2e\u7b56\u7565\u6027\u5c08\u5229\u5f71\u97ff\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u5728\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\uff0c\u5176\u5c0d\u65bc\u667a\u6167\u8ca1\u7522\u6b0a\u4fdd\u8b77\u53ef\u4ee5\u8da8\u4f7f\u4e00\u570b\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u8f03\u70ba\u7f3a\u4e4f\uff0c<\/span>EPO<\/span><\/span>\u61c9\u7e7c\u7e8c\u8207\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u4ed6\u5011\u6539\u5584\u4ed6\u5011\u667a\u6167\u8ca1\u7522\u6b0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5176\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span><\/span>\u6587\u7ae0\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<\/span>\u201d<\/span>The economic importance of patents\u201d http:\/\/www.epo.org\/topics\/innovation-and-economy\/economic-impact.html<\/span>)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fc3\u5f97<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u8b70\u984c\u5728\u5404\u570b\u9010\u6f38\u53d7\u5230\u91cd\u8996\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c08\u5229\u4fdd\u8b77\u767c\u660e\uff0c\u978f\u56fa\u5176\u667a\u6167\u8ca1\u7522\u6b0a\u4e0d\u88ab\u4fb5\u72af\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u6578\u91cf\u6210\u9577\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u8868\u9054\u4e00\u570b\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u767c\u5c55\u4e0a\u7684\u8da8\u52e2\u3002\u7406<\/span>\u8ad6\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u6587\u4ef6\u6578\u91cf\u6108\u591a\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8a72\u570b\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6108\u9ad8\uff0c\u800c<\/span>\u5728\u5df2\u958b\u767c\u570b\u5bb6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u78ba\u5be6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7684\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u5728\u6b50\u6d32\u3001\u65e5\u672c\u53ca\u7f8e\u570b\u7b49\u7d93\u6fdf\u5927\u570b\u5b58\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u8da8\u52e2\uff0c<\/span>Maskus & Penubarti(1995)<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\u6307\u51fa\u5c08\u5229\u4fdd\u969c\u53ef\u63d0\u5347\u570b\u5bb6\u8cbf\u6613\u7684\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u5728\u7d93\u6fdf\u5927\u570b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u72c0\u6cc1\u66f4\u70ba\u986f\u8457\u3002\u4f46\u5c0d\u65bc\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u7684\u570b\u5bb6\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u7533\u8acb\u6578\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u8db3\u4ee5\u8868\u9054\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\uff1f\u674e\u6606\u5cf0<\/span>(2004)<\/span><\/span>\u4ee5\u53f0\u7063\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c\u5be6\u8b49\u7d50\u679c\u767c\u73fe\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u8ad6\u9ede\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u6578\u91cf\u591a\u5be1\u5728\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u4e26\u7121\u986f\u8457\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5f71\u97ff\u56e0\u7d20\u773e\u591a\uff0c\u51fa\u53e3\u81f3\u6280\u8853\u5bc6\u96c6\u5ea6\u9ad8\u6216\u662f\u6280\u8853\u5bc6\u96c6\u5ea6\u4f4e\u4e4b\u570b\u5bb6\u4e5f\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u56e0\u7d20\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u6545\u4ee5\u5c08\u5229\u7533\u8acb\u6578\u91cf\u505a\u70ba\u7d93\u6fdf\u6210\u9577\u7684\u4f9d\u64da\uff0c\u5728\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u4ecd\u6709\u5f85\u5546\u78ba\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f46\u5c08\u5229\u5c0d\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u50f9\u503c\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ad6\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u696d\u6216\u662f\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u6210\u9577\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4f01\u696d\u50f9\u503c\uff0c\u4f01\u696d\u50f9\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u80a1\u50f9\u4f86\u8861\u91cf\u3002\u8449\u7389\u6167<\/span>(2003)<\/span><\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\u6295\u8cc7\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u5c08\u5229\u6307\u6a19<\/span>(<\/span><\/span>\u5c08\u5229\u6578\u91cf\u3001\u5c08\u5229\u5f15\u7528\u8a18\u9304\u53ca\u5c08\u5229\u539f\u5275\u6027<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>\u5224\u65b7\u4f01\u696d\u80fd\u5426\u70ba\u80a1\u6771\u5275\u9020\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u80e1\u5bb6\u83f1<\/span>(2003)<\/span><\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u6307\u51fa\u5c08\u5229\u6b0a\u5b58\u91cf\u5c0d\u516c\u53f8\u50f9\u503c\u6709\u986f\u8457\u6b63\u5411\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u5c08\u5229\u5b58\u91cf\u6108\u9ad8\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u50f9\u503c\u6108\u9ad8\uff1b\u672a\u4f86\u5c08\u5229\u5f15\u7528\u5b58\u91cf\u8207\u5168\u90e8\u5c08\u5229\u5f15\u7528\u5b58\u91cf\u6703\u6b63\u5411\u5730\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0b\u671f\u80a1\u50f9\uff0c\u5373\u82e5\u5c08\u5229\u6b0a\u54c1\u8cea\u6108\u597d\uff0c\u80a1\u50f9\u5831\u916c\u6108\u9ad8\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u50f9\u503c\u4e5f\u6108\u9ad8\u3002\u7d9c\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5c08\u5229\u53ef\u70ba\u8fa8\u5225\u516c\u53f8\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u82e5\u5c08\u5229\u6108\u591a\u3001\u54c1\u8cea\u6108\u4f73\uff0c\u7686\u4f7f\u4f01\u696d\u50f9\u503c\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c08\u5229\u4fdd\u8b77\u7684\u53d7\u76ca\u8005\u591a\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u500b\u4eba\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\uff0c\u7686\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u5c08\u5229\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u5c0d\u500b\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u672c\u8eab\u5730\u4f4d\u53ca\u6536\u76ca\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6709\u610f\u9858\u589e\u52a0\u767c\u660e\u8207\u5275\u65b0\uff1b\u5c0d\u65bc\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u69cb\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6280\u8853\u79fb\u8f49\u6216\u6388\u6b0a\u800c\u53d6\u5f97\u8cc7\u91d1\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u7d1b\u7d1b\u9858\u610f\u7e7c\u7e8c\u6295\u5165\u8cc7\u91d1\u7814\u767c\u53ca\u5275\u65b0\u3002\u96d6\u7136\u5c08\u5229\u6240\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u6548\u76ca\u4e4b\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5c08\u5229\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u4e5f\u6975\u70ba\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u54c1\u8cea\u4f73\u7684\u5c08\u5229\u66f4\u80fd\u70ba\u5c08\u5229\u6301\u6709\u55ae\u4f4d\u5e36\u4f86\u9577\u671f\u6027\u7684\u6548\u76ca\uff0c\u6545\u5728\u7814\u767c\u5275\u65b0\u7684\u540c\u6642\u4e5f\u61c9\u8003\u91cf\u5176\u54c1\u8cea\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u52ff\u56e0\u6c42\u91cf\u5927\u5ffd\u7565\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u800c\u963b\u7919\u5275\u65b0\u767c\u5c55\u4e4b\u8def\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n

1. <\/span><\/span>Maskus, K.E., & M. Penubarti. <\/span>(1995)\u201cHow Trade-Related and Intellectual Property Rights? \u201d, Journal of international economics, 39,227-248<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u674e\u6606\u5cf0<\/span>(2004)<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u300c\u5c08\u5229\u4fdd\u8b77\u8207\u51fa\u53e3\u8cbf\u6613<\/span>–<\/span><\/span>\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u5340\u51fa\u53e3\u5be6\u8b49\u7814\u7a76\u300d\uff0c\u570b\u7acb\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u7522\u696d\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

3. <\/span><\/span><\/span>\u8449\u7389\u6167<\/span>(2003)<\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u300c\u5c08\u5229\u6b0a\u3001\u5275\u65b0\u6295\u8cc7\u8207\u516c\u53f8\u50f9\u503c\u5275\u9020\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76<\/span>\u2500<\/span><\/span>\u4ee5\u7814\u767c\u6295\u8cc7\u5ba3\u544a\u70ba\u4f8b\u300d\uff0c\u570b\u7acb\u6210\u529f\u5927\u5b78\u570b\u969b\u4f01\u696d\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u80e1\u5bb6\u83f1<\/span>(2003)<\/span>\uff0c\u300c\u5c08\u5229\u6b0a\u53ca\u5c08\u5229\u5f15\u7528\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5c0d\u516c\u53f8\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u5f71\u97ff<\/span>—<\/span>\u53f0\u7063\u4e0a\u5e02\u516c\u53f8\u5be6\u8b49<\/span>(1990~1999<\/span>\u5e74<\/span>)<\/span>\u300d\uff0c\u570b\u7acb\u53f0\u7063\u5927\u5b78\u8ca1\u52d9\u91d1\u878d\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0Linda<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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